Dairy Farming in Pakistan

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nasirhussain
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Dairy Farming in Pakistan

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Dairy farming is a class of agricultural, or an animal husbandry, enterprise, for long-term production of milk, usually from dairy cows but also from goats and sheep, which may be either processed on-site or transported to a dairy factory for processing and eventual retail sale.OVERVIEWPakistan with current estimates is the 4th largest milk producing country in the world.With the every passing day, dairy products are becoming costlier because live stock farming has not scientifically grown with the increase in population and also it did not match with the pace of urbanisation. In such a situation, the only way to control prices is to develop the dairy industry on scientific lines, which will not only provide meat and milk in abundant quantities to the domestic consumers but extra quantities can also be exported.Main Objectives1.Create awareness about profitable dairy farming2.Devise strategies to harvest production potential of dairy animals & clean milk production3.Changing dairy farming perspective from subsistent to Commercial enterpriseMILK PRODUCTION POTENTIAL IN PAKISTANOn the dairy farming side, Pakistan can boast of being the fourth largest producer of milk with an annual production with 35 Billion litres of milk produced annually. The potential is huge but the sector operates mostly in the informal economy and needs a consistent effort to formalize and be able to contribute better to the national economy. Out of the total milk produced, 97% is in the informal sector (i.e. loose milk consumed in the villages and or sold in the cities through “Gawallas” in unhygienic conditions and without any quality standards).NET PRODUCTIONThe gross production is much higher as around 20 per cent of the production is consumed either by the calves or wasted otherwise. It also boasts of having approximately 66 million of dairy animals with some pride breeds of buffalo and cow comparable to the world’s best species. Unfortunately, we are still a net importer of milk and other dairy products. Low productivity because of substandard feeding and / or malnutrition of animals coupled with the low profitability for the immediate producer are the root causes of sector’s under-performance. The milk is sold in raw form, with only three per cent going to the processing industry, which in turn sells the processed milk in cities at exorbitantly high prices.DAIRY FARMS IN PAKISTANThere are more than 8 million dairy farming households in the country, which are engaged in the milk business in an informal economy. The animal holding size, likewise the land holding size, is also very dismal – 2 to 5 animals per household. Various studies by national and international organizations suggest that there is a huge untapped potential in Pakistan’s dairy farming sector that needs revamping on modern lines to properly connect to the formal economy on one hand and afford the modern livestock farm techniques on the other. High profile public and private investment, small-farmer-friendly government policies coupled with the market and infrastructure support can enhance productivity and efficiency of this sector manifold.The major company in pakistan for dairy production is•PAKISTAN DAIRY DEVELOPMENT COMPANYTHE WHITE REVOLUTION“The White Revolution” outlining the pathway for development of the dairy sector. Preparation of the White Paper was kindly supported by Nestle (Pakistan) Ltd and Tetra Pak (Pakistan) Ltd.The White Paper provides a summary of the present situation of the dairy sector of Pakistan, the high-level problems which need to be addressed, and the programmes which have been identified in order to drive development of the sector.“Dairy farming practices are very old and traditional and need overhauling. To formalize and improve the industry, a private sector led Pakistan Dairy Development Company has emerged with guarantee back up by the government of Pakistan. The platform proposes to improve the dairy sector through improved research facilities, training and capacity building of farmers, training veterinarians, improving the cold chain through milk chillers, promoting healthy pasteurized milk, developing model commercial dairy farms, focus on breed improvement, facilitation of credit financing to dairy farmers and linking the rural area based farmer to the market mechanism. This will improve and formalize the dairy sector. The White Revolution is targeted to achieve an annual production of 40 billion liters of milk by 2015. It aims to create an additional 3 million jobs in the formal economy and provide an estimated 350 million rupees per day in cash flow to farmers in the sector. The potential is there but there is a need of technical support from the industry, strategic support from dairy experts, policy, and infrastructure from the government, and specific projects funding from the international donor agencies.MILK PRODUCTS•ICE CREAM•MILK PACKS•BUTTER•CHEESE•KHOYA•RAW MILK•POWDERED MILK•CANNED MILK•YOGURT•LASSI•GHEEACHIEVEMENTS•Milk Preservation: Technology for milk preservation by activation of its natural lactoperoxidase system has been standardized / tested which can be made available for the interested small enterprises.•Dairy Starter Technology: Technology and procedure for isolation, identification and propagation of starter has been developed which can be made available for the interested enterprises / investor.•Technology of Dairy Products: Technology, suitable for cottage industry/small enterprises, to prepare variety of cheeses and yogurts has been developed /standardized. These products are very well accepted in the local markets.•Cheap Packing Technology: Ordinary polythene based pouch packing technology has been developed for farm level value addition milk.•Cheap Pasteurizing Technology: Highly cheap post packing heating and processing technology for milk pasteurization has been developed which do not require special equipments.•Graduate Research and Training: More than 50 under- and post-graduate students from public sector universities have been trained in the field of dairy technology by supervising their internship and / or thesis research•Training of Dairy Personnel and Entrepreneurs: Hundreds of dairy farmers and scores of individuals from small enterprises and activists associated with various GOs and NGOs have been imparted training for cottage-scale dairy product business.
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